Showing posts with label Science. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Science. Show all posts

Saturday, January 1, 2022

Miracles

Main points:
  1. Miracles is a controversial topic. Many, if not all, scriptures are filled with description of miracles. Rationalists could consider miracles as an illogical and unrealistic aspect of religion.
  2. A miracle by definition is an event which cannot be explained by natural or physical laws. Not all laws are known today, and many will be discovered in future. So common knowledge of tomorrow may appear a miracle today.
  3. I believe miracles is a non-issue. Miracles are done by God. Once a person has accepted existence of God, the Creator of all there is, then possibility of miracles is always there. There will not be much that a Creator of world is incapable to doing.
  4. In fact, by definition, a God should be able to work miracles, and bend the natural laws. Anyone unable to create or bend laws of nature is not God.
  5. If a person has not accepted existence of an Omnipotent God then the person would not believe in miracles. In this case, belief in existence or non-existence of God has to be resolved first, which is an unsolved and much more important problem than finding out whether miracles exist.
  6. Miracles are not done by human beings (or spirits or other possible entities, if they exist). I believe anyone claiming to work miracles should be met with scepticism. Miracle working by human beings is most likely work of tricks (which is team work, or sleight of hand) or just use of obscure or hidden technology. When a scripture describes a miracle, it always points out that it was a work of God, and not a prophet or saint. A saint or prophet always describe unexplained incidents (miracles) as a work of God.
  7. Having said all of the above things, I believe there still remains a grey area, because my knowledge is limited. There are stories of miracles as an answer to prayers, stories of healing, curses, or other spiritual powers. I believe whatever they are, if they are true, they are based on working of laws not yet clearly known to me and also not known to most other people. Some people claim to understand them, some people claim to have some powers, but there is nothing conclusive in this area, and it is a matter of experimenting oneself and finding out. If these things are true they will be just like building muscles or practising an art form, the more you practice, the better you get. There are laws of prayer, laws of healing, or laws of breathing, etc. Whatever one decides to explore, one should remember that a life is short, and it is better to use it well, than waste it in chasing mirages. I have personally tried prayers and healing, but here too the actual miracle, if it happens, is done by God, as an answer to a prayer. Anybody can pray, but not all prayers are answered - A parent does not buy every toy that a child asks for!
  8. Regarding spiritual powers, I personally believe their only value, if they exist, is satisfying curiosity or performing unexplained tricks in this lifetime (without any eternal value); none of the prophets or saints spent time doing them nor widely taught them, so probably they are not worth spending time on, in my opinion. 
  9. A final word on miracles - there is a concept in eastern spirituality called "Riddhi-Siddhi", which are a group of miraculous spiritual powers. Theoretically, there are many different ways for achieving them, like breath control, meditation, etc, but their utility is limited to current lifetime. They do not bring any eternal benefit to the practitioner, and instead could cause occurrence of incidents which may have adverse consequences for the practitioner in the long term. From a technical perspective these are not miracles, but just practices that have not been widely understood, and there are specific steps of achieving them. But few would be willing to explore and share the learning, as most such systems are based on secrecy, and as with all such things secret, the efficacy of such teachings is doubtful. The best way to achieve these spiritual powers, as per Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, is by hearing and contemplating the Name of God (related verses given in this article). The best protection from such powers is also prayer and chanting the Name of God. From practical perspective it is very unlikely that we will come across a person who possesses these powers, nor is it likely that any of us would come to possess them (maybe not because the methods do not work, but because of lack of trying, motivation, and practice). I have never met such a person (who possesses any such powers), nor I expect to meet anyone. We only hear stories that cannot be verified. Hankering for them is pointless as their utility is limited, and this hankering should be actively avoided as it could actually become a roadblock to real useful spiritual progress, and is more like a unhealthy fixation or ambition. For a monotheistic believer, the Name of God, is the miraculous spiritual power.
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Following verses from Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji present different perspectives on miracles, and my understanding of the same. In recent years there has been a practice of some religious community members to appear practical and rational, and thus they either ignore references to miracles in their own scripture, or say that the text describing miracle is symbolic (and not literal). In an attempt to appear scientific, some ignore their own scripture. Appearing scientific seems fashionable, but science too has plenty of unanswered questions.

But I personally believe anyone who believes in a Monotheistic, All powerful Creator of the world, God, cannot deny possibility of miracles done by God. Surely the Creator of the world should be able to do anything in His creation, bend the laws at will, and answer any prayers should He choose to! But we should always doubt the possibility of a miracle done by a human being, as a human being is bound by natural and physical laws, and for most part there is no reason why a human being can transcend a natural or physical law. 
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Reference verses with commentary:
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ਮਿਰਤਕ ਕਉ ਜੀਵਾਲਨਹਾਰ ॥

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Translation: 

Gives life to the dead.

[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 283:30]
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Commentary:

In this verse God is described as someone who is capable of giving life to the dead. If we think about it, God, who is someone who has created the entire world and all the life in it, will obviously be able to influence life and death. 

If a person thinks that God is incapable of making life and death decisions for a person, or is unable to reverse these states, then probably the person does not believe in a God (as per monotheistic faith). A God bound by rules and laws of this world is not God as per monotheism (I have no knowledge of polytheism, and cannot comment on deities of polytheism).

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ਸੰਡਾ ਮਰਕਾ ਜਾਇ ਪੁਕਾਰੇ ॥
ਪੜੈ ਨਹੀ ਹਮ ਹੀ ਪਚਿ ਹਾਰੇ ॥
ਰਾਮੁ ਕਹੈ ਕਰ ਤਾਲ ਬਜਾਵੈ ਚਟੀਆ ਸਭੈ ਬਿਗਾਰੇ ॥੧॥
ਰਾਮ ਨਾਮਾ ਜਪਿਬੋ ਕਰੈ ॥
ਹਿਰਦੈ ਹਰਿ ਜੀ ਕੋ ਸਿਮਰਨੁ ਧਰੈ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥
ਬਸੁਧਾ ਬਸਿ ਕੀਨੀ ਸਭ ਰਾਜੇ ਬਿਨਤੀ ਕਰੈ ਪਟਰਾਨੀ ॥
ਪੂਤੁ ਪ੍ਰਹਿਲਾਦੁ ਕਹਿਆ ਨਹੀ ਮਾਨੈ ਤਿਨਿ ਤਉ ਅਉਰੈ ਠਾਨੀ ॥੨॥
ਦੁਸਟ ਸਭਾ ਮਿਲਿ ਮੰਤਰ ਉਪਾਇਆ ਕਰਸਹ ਅਉਧ ਘਨੇਰੀ ॥
ਗਿਰਿ ਤਰ ਜਲ ਜੁਆਲਾ ਭੈ ਰਾਖਿਓ ਰਾਜਾ ਰਾਮਿ ਮਾਇਆ ਫੇਰੀ ॥੩॥
ਕਾਢਿ ਖੜਗੁ ਕਾਲੁ ਭੈ ਕੋਪਿਓ ਮੋਹਿ ਬਤਾਉ ਜੁ ਤੁਹਿ ਰਾਖੈ ॥
ਪੀਤ ਪੀਤਾਂਬਰ ਤ੍ਰਿਭਵਣ ਧਣੀ ਥੰਭ ਮਾਹਿ ਹਰਿ ਭਾਖੈ ॥੪॥
ਹਰਨਾਖਸੁ ਜਿਨਿ ਨਖਹ ਬਿਦਾਰਿਓ ਸੁਰਿ ਨਰ ਕੀਏ ਸਨਾਥਾ ॥
ਕਹਿ ਨਾਮਦੇਉ ਹਮ ਨਰਹਰਿ ਧਿਆਵਹ ਰਾਮੁ ਅਭੈ ਪਦ ਦਾਤਾ ॥੫॥੩॥੯॥
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Translation:
 
Sanda, Marka, go and proclaim,
Does not study, even we are tired, spent,
Says Ram, claps to tune, spoiled all students.1.
Says, I will chant Name,
In heart, keeps remembrance of God.1.pause.
King brought all Earth under control, queen entreats,
Son Prahlad you do not obey, he decided something else for you.2.
Meeting in company of wicked, resolved to increase his age immensely,
Plunged, under water, fire, fear, King Ram protected, transforming nature.3. 
Pulling sword, death, fear, terrible, tell me, who protects you,
The Yellow Robed, Lord of three worlds, within pillar God speaks.4.
One who tore Harnaakash with nails, reassured demigods and men, 
Namdev says, I remember the same Narhar (God), Ram, giver of fearlessness.5.3.9.

[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 1165:18-30] 
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Commentary:

This verse tells story of a devout devotee, Prahlaad. Prahlaad did not focus on learning prescribed by the powerful king, his father, and instead devoted time in practicing devotion to God. The king, Harnaakash, tries to kill his son for disobedience by throwing him off a cliff, into water and into fire. But each time God changes the laws of nature to protect Prahlaad. Finally the king tries to kill Prahlaad with his sword, but God appears and kills the king.

This is a famous story about Bhagat Prahlaad in Indian scriptures, and it has been recounted in the Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji also. I believe multiple versions of story exit. The reason to include this story here is to convey the point that miracles, like divine protection in this story, is the work of God and not of a human being. Second reason to include this story is to illustrate the point that scriptures do talk about miracles.

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ਸੁਲਤਾਨੁ ਪੂਛੈ ਸੁਨੁ ਬੇ ਨਾਮਾ ॥
ਦੇਖਉ ਰਾਮ ਤੁਮ੍ਹ੍ਹਾਰੇ ਕਾਮਾ ॥੧॥
ਨਾਮਾ ਸੁਲਤਾਨੇ ਬਾਧਿਲਾ ॥
ਦੇਖਉ ਤੇਰਾ ਹਰਿ ਬੀਠੁਲਾ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥
ਬਿਸਮਿਲਿ ਗਊ ਦੇਹੁ ਜੀਵਾਇ ॥
ਨਾਤਰੁ ਗਰਦਨਿ ਮਾਰਉ ਠਾਂਇ ॥੨॥
ਬਾਦਿਸਾਹ ਐਸੀ ਕਿਉ ਹੋਇ ॥
ਬਿਸਮਿਲਿ ਕੀਆ ਨ ਜੀਵੈ ਕੋਇ ॥੩॥
ਮੇਰਾ ਕੀਆ ਕਛੂ ਨ ਹੋਇ ॥
ਕਰਿ ਹੈ ਰਾਮੁ ਹੋਇ ਹੈ ਸੋਇ ॥੪॥
ਬਾਦਿਸਾਹੁ ਚੜ੍ਹ੍ਹਿਓ ਅਹੰਕਾਰਿ ॥
ਗਜ ਹਸਤੀ ਦੀਨੋ ਚਮਕਾਰਿ ॥੫॥
ਰੁਦਨੁ ਕਰੈ ਨਾਮੇ ਕੀ ਮਾਇ ॥
ਛੋਡਿ ਰਾਮੁ ਕੀ ਨ ਭਜਹਿ ਖੁਦਾਇ ॥੬॥
ਨ ਹਉ ਤੇਰਾ ਪੂੰਗੜਾ ਨ ਤੂ ਮੇਰੀ ਮਾਇ ॥
ਪਿੰਡੁ ਪੜੈ ਤਉ ਹਰਿ ਗੁਨ ਗਾਇ ॥੭॥
ਕਰੈ ਗਜਿੰਦੁ ਸੁੰਡ ਕੀ ਚੋਟ ॥
ਨਾਮਾ ਉਬਰੈ ਹਰਿ ਕੀ ਓਟ ॥੮॥
ਕਾਜੀ ਮੁਲਾਂ ਕਰਹਿ ਸਲਾਮੁ ॥
ਇਨਿ ਹਿੰਦੂ ਮੇਰਾ ਮਲਿਆ ਮਾਨੁ ॥੯॥
ਬਾਦਿਸਾਹ ਬੇਨਤੀ ਸੁਨੇਹੁ ॥
ਨਾਮੇ ਸਰ ਭਰਿ ਸੋਨਾ ਲੇਹੁ ॥੧੦॥
ਮਾਲੁ ਲੇਉ ਤਉ ਦੋਜਕਿ ਪਰਉ ॥
ਦੀਨੁ ਛੋਡਿ ਦੁਨੀਆ ਕਉ ਭਰਉ ॥੧੧॥
ਪਾਵਹੁ ਬੇੜੀ ਹਾਥਹੁ ਤਾਲ ॥
ਨਾਮਾ ਗਾਵੈ ਗੁਨ ਗੋਪਾਲ ॥੧੨॥
ਗੰਗ ਜਮੁਨ ਜਉ ਉਲਟੀ ਬਹੈ ॥
ਤਉ ਨਾਮਾ ਹਰਿ ਕਰਤਾ ਰਹੈ ॥੧੩॥
ਸਾਤ ਘੜੀ ਜਬ ਬੀਤੀ ਸੁਣੀ ॥
ਅਜਹੁ ਨ ਆਇਓ ਤ੍ਰਿਭਵਣ ਧਣੀ ॥੧੪॥
ਪਾਖੰਤਣ ਬਾਜ ਬਜਾਇਲਾ ॥
ਗਰੁੜ ਚੜ੍ਹ੍ਹੇ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਆਇਲਾ ॥੧੫॥
ਅਪਨੇ ਭਗਤ ਪਰਿ ਕੀ ਪ੍ਰਤਿਪਾਲ ॥
ਗਰੁੜ ਚੜ੍ਹ੍ਹੇ ਆਏ ਗੋਪਾਲ ॥੧੬॥
ਕਹਹਿ ਤ ਧਰਣਿ ਇਕੋਡੀ ਕਰਉ ॥
ਕਹਹਿ ਤ ਲੇ ਕਰਿ ਊਪਰਿ ਧਰਉ ॥੧੭॥
ਕਹਹਿ ਤ ਮੁਈ ਗਊ ਦੇਉ ਜੀਆਇ ॥
ਸਭੁ ਕੋਈ ਦੇਖੈ ਪਤੀਆਇ ॥੧੮॥
ਨਾਮਾ ਪ੍ਰਣਵੈ ਸੇਲ ਮਸੇਲ ॥
ਗਊ ਦੁਹਾਈ ਬਛਰਾ ਮੇਲਿ ॥੧੯॥
ਦੂਧਹਿ ਦੁਹਿ ਜਬ ਮਟੁਕੀ ਭਰੀ ॥
ਲੇ ਬਾਦਿਸਾਹ ਕੇ ਆਗੇ ਧਰੀ ॥੨੦॥
ਬਾਦਿਸਾਹੁ ਮਹਲ ਮਹਿ ਜਾਇ ॥
ਅਉਘਟ ਕੀ ਘਟ ਲਾਗੀ ਆਇ ॥੨੧॥
ਕਾਜੀ ਮੁਲਾਂ ਬਿਨਤੀ ਫੁਰਮਾਇ ॥
ਬਖਸੀ ਹਿੰਦੂ ਮੈ ਤੇਰੀ ਗਾਇ ॥੨੨॥
ਨਾਮਾ ਕਹੈ ਸੁਨਹੁ ਬਾਦਿਸਾਹ ॥
ਇਹੁ ਕਿਛੁ ਪਤੀਆ ਮੁਝੈ ਦਿਖਾਇ ॥੨੩॥
ਇਸ ਪਤੀਆ ਕਾ ਇਹੈ ਪਰਵਾਨੁ ॥
ਸਾਚਿ ਸੀਲਿ ਚਾਲਹੁ ਸੁਲਿਤਾਨ ॥੨੪॥
ਨਾਮਦੇਉ ਸਭ ਰਹਿਆ ਸਮਾਇ ॥
ਮਿਲਿ ਹਿੰਦੂ ਸਭ ਨਾਮੇ ਪਹਿ ਜਾਹਿ ॥੨੫॥
ਜਉ ਅਬ ਕੀ ਬਾਰ ਨ ਜੀਵੈ ਗਾਇ ॥
ਤ ਨਾਮਦੇਵ ਕਾ ਪਤੀਆ ਜਾਇ ॥੨੬॥
ਨਾਮੇ ਕੀ ਕੀਰਤਿ ਰਹੀ ਸੰਸਾਰਿ ॥
ਭਗਤ ਜਨਾਂ ਲੇ ਉਧਰਿਆ ਪਾਰਿ ॥੨੭॥
ਸਗਲ ਕਲੇਸ ਨਿੰਦਕ ਭਇਆ ਖੇਦੁ ॥
ਨਾਮੇ ਨਾਰਾਇਨ ਨਾਹੀ ਭੇਦੁ ॥੨੮॥੧॥੧੦॥
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Translation: 

Sultan asks, listen O Nam Dev,
Show your Ram's works.1.
Sultan arrested Nam Dev,
Show your God Bithula.1.pause.
Restore life to body of slaughtered cow,
Otherwise I will cut your neck immediately.2.
King how can this happen,
None slaughtered can live again.3.
By my action, nothing can happen,
Actions of Ram, only that happens.4.
King puffed up in pride,
Using ankus, enraged elephant.5.
Nam Dev's mother weeps,
Leave Ram, why not chant Khuda.6.
Neither I am your son, nor you my mother,
Body falls, even then I will sing glory of God.7.
Elephant tries to hit with trunk,
Nama Dev was saved by God's protection.8.
Qazi, Mullah, salute me,
This Hindu trampled my pride.9.
King listen our request,
Take gold equal to Nam Dev's weight.10.
Taking wealth, then fall in Hell,
Leaving faith, amassing world.11.
Fetters on feet, keeping beat with hands,
Nam Dev sings glory of God.12.
If Ganga, Jamuna, flow in reverse,
Then too, Nam Dev, will keep chanting Har.13.
When seven gharhi were heard to pass,
Even now the Lord of the three worlds has not come.14.
Playing the instrument of wings,
Riding eagle God came.15.
Protects His own devotee,
Riding eagle came God.16.
If you say, I will tilt ground sideways,
If you say, I will take and overturn it.17.
If you say, I will give the dead cow life,
Everyone will see and be satisfied.18.
Nam Dev supplicates, fastens hind legs,
Milked cow, uniting calf.19.
Milking milk, when pitcher filled,
Took and kept in front of the king.20.
King goes in the palace,
Time of difficulty came along.21.
Qazi, Mulla, conveyed royal request,
Forgive me Hindu, I am your cow.22.
Nam Dev said, listen king,
This test of faith, did I manifest.23.
This test is only acceptable,
Emperor, walk in truth, humility.24.
Nam Dev saved, pervaded everywhere,
Meeting, all Hindus, go to Nam Dev.25.
If this time, cow did not revive,
Then faith in Nam Dev would have gone.26.
 
[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 1165:31-51, 1166:1-37] 
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Commentary:

This is another story in Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji illustrating a dead cow coming back to life. An apparent miracle, but it was work of God. The king, sultan, challenges Bhagat Nam Dev to show works of his God. King gets a cow killed and challenges Bhagat Nam Dev to bring the cow back to life. King notes that if the cow does not come to life, then he would get the saint killed.

Bhagat Namdev tells the king that only God can do miracles. Finally God appears and brings cow back to life. As king asks for forgiveness, Bhagat Nam Dev tells the king that this test is acceptable only if the king learns to walk and live in truth and humility. This verse also emphasises that miracles are done by God.

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ਹਰਿ ਕੋ ਨਾਮੁ ਸਦਾ ਸੁਖਦਾਈ ॥
ਜਾ ਕਉ ਸਿਮਰਿ ਅਜਾਮਲੁ ਉਧਰਿਓ ਗਨਿਕਾ ਹੂ ਗਤਿ ਪਾਈ ॥੧॥ ਰਹਾਉ ॥
ਪੰਚਾਲੀ ਕਉ ਰਾਜ ਸਭਾ ਮਹਿ ਰਾਮ ਨਾਮ ਸੁਧਿ ਆਈ ॥
ਤਾ ਕੋ ਦੂਖੁ ਹਰਿਓ ਕਰੁਣਾ ਮੈ ਅਪਨੀ ਪੈਜ ਬਢਾਈ ॥੧॥
ਜਿਹ ਨਰ ਜਸੁ ਕਿਰਪਾ ਨਿਧਿ ਗਾਇਓ ਤਾ ਕਉ ਭਇਓ ਸਹਾਈ ॥
ਕਹੁ ਨਾਨਕ ਮੈ ਇਹੀ ਭਰੋਸੈ ਗਹੀ ਆਨਿ ਸਰਨਾਈ ॥੨॥੧॥
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Translation: 

Name of God forever gives peace,
Remembering whom Ajamal was emancipated, Ganika found salvation.1.pause.
Paanchali in king's court, realized Name of Ram,
Taking away her grief, in His mercy, increased His respect.1.
The person who sings praise of God, The treasure of mercy, God is his succourer,
Speaks Nanak, relying on this, I have come to His protection.2.1.

[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 1008:11-16] 
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Commentary:

This verse highlights another miracle that is widely documented in scriptures of different religions in the Indian sub-continent. Paanchali, a queen, was wagered by her husband in a game of dice and lost. The winners planned to disrespect Paanchali in front of the court, but she prayed to God for help, and God protected her. The details vary from scripture to scripture, and have not been documented in Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji. But all scriptures agree that God performed a miracle to save a helpless woman in front of the king's entire court. 

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ਨਿਧਿ ਸਿਧਿ ਨਿਰਮਲ ਨਾਮੁ ਬੀਚਾਰੁ ॥

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Translation: 

Nine treasures, supernatural powers come by contemplating the pure Name.

[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 220:33] 

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Commentary:

This verse gives the best way to gain different spiritual powers is by contemplating the Name of God. All Names of God which refer to the supreme creator are precious, and effective. The details of the miraculous powers is given in the next verse commentary.

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ਪ੍ਰਭ ਕੈ ਸਿਮਰਨਿ ਰਿਧਿ ਸਿਧਿ ਨਉ ਨਿਧਿ ॥

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Translation: 

In the remembrance of God, there is supernatural powers, miracles, nine treasures.

[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 262:43] 
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Commentary:

This verse tells that by contemplating and remembering God in meditation, a person can receive the supernatural powers known as Ridh Sidh and Nidh. It may be noted that remembering Name of God, Praising God, remembering God are similar tasks and complementary to each other. These powers have been described as:

(Following details have been taken from this forum post here: https://gurmatbibek.com/forum/read.php?3,36418)

RidhThis power brings success, progress, and affluence.

Sidhis are 18, and divided into major and minor:

Minor Sidhis (10):
Door-Darshan - to see all, clairvoyance.
Door-Sarvan - to hear all, clairaudience.
Par-Kaya Parvesh - ability of soul/consciousness  to enter other’s body.
Annuram - freedom from hunger and thirst.
Kaamroop - adopt desired form, ability to change the form to that of another person.
Savichhatt-Mirtu - to die at will, to die the way one wants to.
Sankalap Sidhi - to get desires fulfilled, to have all that one wants.
Apprittehatt-Gatee - ability to go anywhere without any hindrance or obstruction.
Mano-Veg - to go anywhere at the speed of thought.
Sur-Kareera - to have enjoyment along with demi-gods.

Major Sidhis (8):
Anima - ability to become very small.
Mahema - to become big.
Garima - to become heavy.
Laghima - to become light.
Praptee - to get success.
Prakamya - to read the minds of other people.
Eeshihta (Isatva) - power to persuade others.
Vashihta (Vasitva) - to control other’s mind, and self control.

Nidh - Nine treasures
Padam-Nidhi - attainment of sons, grand sons, gold, silver, precious metals.
Mahan-Padam - one gets diamonds, rubies and other gems and jewels (precious stones).
Kharab - riches of all kinds.
Kund - trading in gold.
Nil - trading in precious stones, jewels, and gems.
Sankh - delicious food.
Kachhap - clothes and food-grains in abundance.
Mukund - mastery in arts, music, and poetry.
Makar - gives the art of using weapons and sovereignty on others.


=7================================================================
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ਨਾਇ ਸੁਣਿਐ ਸਭ ਸਿਧਿ ਹੈ ਰਿਧਿ ਪਿਛੈ ਆਵੈ ॥
ਨਾਇ ਸੁਣਿਐ ਨਉ ਨਿਧਿ ਮਿਲੈ ਮਨ ਚਿੰਦਿਆ ਪਾਵੈ ॥
ਨਾਇ ਸੁਣਿਐ ਸੰਤੋਖੁ ਹੋਇ ਕਵਲਾ ਚਰਨ ਧਿਆਵੈ ॥
ਨਾਇ ਸੁਣਿਐ ਸਹਜੁ ਊਪਜੈ ਸਹਜੇ ਸੁਖੁ ਪਾਵੈ ॥
ਗੁਰਮਤੀ ਨਾਉ ਪਾਈਐ ਨਾਨਕ ਗੁਣ ਗਾਵੈ ॥੭॥
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Translation: 

Hearing Name, all supernatural powers are, miraculous powers come follow,
Hearing Name nine treasures are obtained, acquire mind's wish,
Hearing Name, contentment comes, god of wealth meditates at one's feet,
Hearing Name, divine knowledge appears, easily finds peace,
Obtain Name from Guru's teaching, Nanak sings virtues.7.

[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 1240:25-29] 
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Commentary:

This verse tells the benefits of hearing the Name of God, and that it results in material as well as in spiritual benefits to a person (including supernatural powers). The Name of God is obtained from Guru's teaching. For Sikhs the Guru is Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, and Guru Granth Sahib Ji gives details of different Names of Supreme God. 

It is my belief that anyone willing to accept and respect the teaching of Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji is welcome to consider Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji as their own Guru. I am not a very religious person, but I have found that words of Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji have been very helpful for me, and have provided me guidance during my times of need and at other times also. Readers can search and access the translation and original verses online.

Some of the Names of Supreme God used in Guru Granth Sahib Ji are Satnam, Ram, Allah, and many others, and can be found in the following Youtube videos: https://youtu.be/DEKgmvT0cZk and https://youtu.be/OF7fNxSKtKk. Reader is encouraged to read Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji to know the different Names of God.


=8================================================================
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ਜਿਹ ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਸਿਮਰੰਥਿ ਰਿਧਿ ਸਿਧਿ ਨਵ ਨਿਧਿ ਪਾਵੈ ॥
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Translation: 
They who remember the True Guru, receive miraculous powers, supernatural powers, and nine treasures.
[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 1405:28] 
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Commentary:

This verse highlights the same point as described in previous points. There are many verses in Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji which highlight these points, and I have included some of them here.

A True Guru, or teacher, is considered same as God. The definitions are nuanced and beyond the scope of current article, but remembering the True Guru is same as remembering Supreme God. 

These verses give details of complementary actions like chanting Name of God, Praising God, hearing the Name of God, remembering God or True Guru, among others, all of which result in the practitioner gaining miraculous powers. How much time and effort would be needed for these powers to manifest? I am not sure.

=9================================================================
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ਰਿਧਿ ਸਿਧਿ ਬੁਧਿ ਗਿਆਨੁ ਗੁਰੂ ਤੇ ਪਾਇਆ ਮੁਕਤਿ ਪਦਾਰਥੁ ਸਰਣਿ ਪਇਆ ॥੧੧॥
-----------------
Translation: 
Miraculous powers, supernatural powers, wisdom, knowledge received from Guru, wealth of salvation found in His refuge.11.

[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 907:4] 
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Commentary:

This verse highlights that one receives supernatural powers from the True Guru and teacher.

=10===============================================================
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ਨਉ ਨਿਧਿ ਰਿਧਿ ਸਿਧਿ ਪਾਈ ਜੋ ਤੁਮਰੈ ਮਨਿ ਭਾਵਨਾ ॥੫॥
-----------------
Translation: 
They who are pleasing to Your mind, receive nine treasures, miraculous powers, supernatural powers.5.

[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 1018:31] 
=======================================
Commentary:

This verse highlights that God grants these powers when he wishes to grant them to someone with whom He is pleased. These verses show different ways in which a person can come to possess supernatural powers. Some of the methods are related or have some overlap.

=11===============================================================
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ਜਉ ਹਰਿ ਬੁਧਿ ਰਿਧਿ ਸਿਧਿ ਚਾਹਤ ਗੁਰੂ ਗੁਰੂ ਗੁਰੁ ਕਰੁ ਮਨ ਮੇਰੇ ॥੫॥੯॥
-----------------
Translation: 
My mind, if you wish for all wisdom, miraculous, spiritual powers, do Guru Guru Gur.5.9.

[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 1400:4] 
=======================================
Commentary:

This verse instructs the mind to chant 'Guru', or Name of the Guru, to receive supernatural powers and wisdom. The True Guru is an aspect of Supreme God which instructs and guides us.

Wisdom (Budhi) is again characterized by following qualities or aspects (List and explanation taken from https://gurmatbibek.com/forum/read.php?3,36418):

Bharosa - faith and dependence on God.
Leenta - an absolute attachment (absorption) to God.
Santokh - contentment.
Detachment - from the dear ones and the worldly possessions.
Hukam - acceptance of the will of God. It is total surrender to Him.
Sehaj - equilibrium, equipoise.
Anand - perpetual delight, permanent joy.
Vismaad - ecstasy, joy plus wonderment.
Nidar - benevolence of God. He believes in the mercy of God as an instrument of his attainments, and that his own efforts mean nothing. 

=12===============================================================
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ਕਰਿ ਅਨੁਗ੍ਰਹ ਰਾਖਿ ਲੀਨੇ ਏਕ ਨਾਮ ਅਧਾਰ ॥
-----------------
Translation: 
By grace He protects those who take support of Name.2.103.126.

[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 1228:24] 
=======================================
Commentary:

This verse tells that people who take support of God's Name are protected by God. This protection includes all protection, protection from physical or supernatural things or powers. I understand words, "take support", as believing in God, believing in power of Name of God, chanting and remembering the Name of God, specially in one's time of distress or need, and in prayer.

=13===============================================================
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ਨਾਨਕ ਗੁਰਮੁਖਿ ਹਰਿ ਨਾਮੁ ਮਨਿ ਵਸੈ ਏਹਾ ਸਿਧਿ ਏਹਾ ਕਰਮਾਤਿ ॥੨॥
-----------------
Translation: 
Nanak, God's Name rests in the mind of the Gurmukh, this is occult power, this is a miracle.2.

[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 650:16] 
=======================================
Commentary:

This verse tells that when God's Name rests in a person's mind, then this in itself is a occult power and a miracle (By resting in mind means, accepting Name of God as a Supreme support). 

This verse is difficult to understand, without more context and information, and I only present the translation of verses related to supernatural powers.

=14===============================================================
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ਰਿਧਿ ਸਿਧਿ ਸਭੁ ਮੋਹੁ ਹੈ ਨਾਮੁ ਨ ਵਸੈ ਮਨਿ ਆਇ ॥
-----------------
Translation: 
Miraculous powers, occult powers are all worldly attachments, Name does not rest, or come to mind.

[Shri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Page 593:32] 
=======================================
Commentary:

Final verse in this post deals with the risks of pursuing supernatural and miraculous powers. If a person tries to possess them, then they are worldly attachments which can hinder a person's spiritual progress. They can result from spiritual life of a person, but in themselves they are just worldly attachments or possessions which will not benefit the soul, as they deal with physical and material attainments only. 

People could feel that pursuing these powers is a spiritual or religious path, but in fact it is not, as this verse warns. By going after these powers, a person risks losing attachment to Name of God, which is a terrible misfortune. So this verse guides a spiritual person to understand and accept the Name of God, and stay away from pursuing (or using) spiritual and miraculous powers.

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-x-

Wednesday, October 11, 2017

Burden of proof?

One of the main point of contention between atheists and believers is that atheists insist that there is no conclusive and verifiable proof of the existence of God**. And they are correct, regarding objective proofs. Atheists claim that the burden of proof is on the believers to prove the existence of God.

Look at it from another perspective, if there is a verifiable objective proof of God's existence, then there would be no need for faith. If there is a verifiable proof, then everybody would believe in God, and fear God, and live a compliant life. Then not believing in God would be stupid and there would be no choice, no need for faith, no need for belief, as God's existence would be confirmed. A lot of drama in life would come to an end, many would even say that all drama in life would come to an end. 

If the headmaster is present in a class and the children know it,
They will not speak nor play, and would be all nervous and frozen stiff.

But this is not how this world seems to have been setup. The elusive nature of God seems to be by design. Please take a moment to stop and think about this, because faith is not about choice but about eternal destiny. Atheists, or scientists, or rationalists, or others did not design the world in which we exist. Nor does the world in which we exist needs to conform to any logical model conceivable to the human mind.

With existence of an objective proof faith and belief cease to be a virtue. I am not saying that faith is a virtue, but to believe in concepts taught be the prophets unquestionably is an essential part of any religion. Certainly there is every chance that a person starts believing in a prophet whose teachings may or may not deliver on their promise, or the student may not understand the teaching properly, and that is a constant persistent doubt in most believers. This is as if it adds different colors to the religious and spiritual landscape of society. This complicates the choices further, but again this seems to be by design - Nature is characterized by presence of extreme variety, and presence of many different schools of thoughts also conforms to this.

Coming back to the question of proof. The system of belief in this world seems to be such that glimpses of the unknown have been conveyed to few people, who are generally identified as prophets. And stories tell us that after their respective revelation the prophets lives did change, as they lived in awareness of God's presence, while rest of the people around them went on with their normal life oblivious of God. The drama of the world continued for people who were unaware of God's presence. Some people did heed the words of prophets. For others the life's test is to sift through the available teaching and paths, and try to find a way.

Life presents an endless maze of words and ideas,
Walk carefully picking your treasures,
Treasures of words, and faith, and belief,
Leave the wrong turns and take the right ones.


-x-

 **In this blog, by word God, I always refer to the Monotheistic ever present and all powerful God, the Creator of the world. I do not refer to the many different deities present in the many cultures and religions unless specifically highlighted.

-x-

Wednesday, July 5, 2017

Limits to science... can science be applied to everything (specially spirituality)?

Science by definition needs objective peer review to confirm validity of a phenomenon. Anything which cannot be objectively measured, or at least subjectively measured/observed by considerable number of people, is considered false or unscientific. In the current post we consider limits to application of science** to spiritual and/or religious experience.

The verifiable criteria for science is its strength and also it's weakness. It is, in a way, democratization of reality (more precisely, "democratization of our understanding of reality"), which neutralizes any possibility of outliers as unscientific, an anomaly. If an artist feels exhilaration while painting or performing a musical piece, but other people do not while doing the same thing, then is the artist's exhilaration fake (or unscientific) as it is not verifiable objectively (plugging in measuring equipment, assuming it can measure subjective experience, may cause change in artist's body parameters, by virtue of being plugged in)?

Reliance on peer review, approval and verification, also brings up an interesting possibility that "anything which cannot be peer reviewed and verified is beyond the scope of science, and science cannot be used to explain such phenomena as it is not equipped for it."

To elaborate, the scientific method has, when applied to spirituality, following main subjective steps (taken from Wikipedia diagram titled, "The scientific method as a cyclic or iterative process"):
  1. Make observations
  2. Develop testable predictions
  3. Gather data to test predictions
Rest of the steps in the cyclic method are not considered for the purpose of present discussion. For the above steps, there is no reliable scientific equipment to measure subjective spiritual experience (not that I know of), and the human body/mind is the only way to make observations, gather data, and verify test results in such scenarios. The variations of human mind/body/mood/training/environment is so vast that it is difficult to measure any type of data reliably and make predictions. The same people attending the same classes display different characteristics. Experimental psychology and psychiatry have a very high level of approximation.

To add to the complexity of verifying spiritual experience, by definition spiritual experience has very low chance of manifesting itself (not everybody trying to hear from God does hear from God, but stories of prophets tell that they did hear from God, but it seemed like a special privilege). 

In a nutshell, the problem of applying science to spiritual/religious experience is "How can science be used to verify and explain sparsely occurring phenomena, for which there is no definite method to collect positive data" (positive data is that which can confirm the phenomena). We can say that a phenomena is just hearsay, or superstition because millions tried to get an experience but failed. But we need to remember that even if one of the persons who claim to have a spiritual experience is telling the 'truth', then it is real. And so perhaps the fact is that science is not mature enough to be applied to this particular set of problems.

Science is a very reliable hammer, but not every problem in the world is a nail.

Some religious and spiritual experience reported by few outliers may come in this category. No doubt there are more than enough false claims to fool the gullible, but even if there is a single 'genuine' claim, is that not a reason enough for further investigation.

To recap - as highlighted above, the most common equipment used to measure a subjective experience is the human body/mind itself. And going by the differences (physical and psychological) in the human body/mind as a measurement tool, there is a high degree of possibility that even true claims may remain unverifiable. How many times does it happen that in a jungle safari only a few people of the group may catch glimpse of an elusive animal in the act of a hunt, never to be seen again for a long time. Professional photographers have to pitch tent for years before they are able to get truly detailed pictures in some cases. How many of scientists are willing to pitch tent with same amount of patience for a glimpse of the unexplained, specially when there is no likelihood of getting a funding? Human subjects cannot measure/observe in equal capacity. This shortcoming is generally overcome by increasing number of subjects whose feedback is considered to reduce error and personal bias. But is voting a science (I called it voting because beliefs could potentially alter experience, so even if a person votes honestly, they might have experienced different things because of different beliefs)? Basically conventional science has little place for subjective phenomena, which is generally identified as an anomaly, but highlights the limitation of science also.

Another interesting aspect of a scientific claim is that it has to be falsifiable. So in effect all theories are true until we get sufficient data to disprove it, basically a theory is waiting to be invalidated as more data is gathered. A scientific theory is waiting to be replaced by a better theory. This brings up another interesting question - Can science really be used to explain and address absolute facts (absolute truths), as it might seem that there is no (or little) space for absolute facts/truths in science?**
-x-

**Note: My knowledge of the "philosophy of science" is limited, but it is an interesting subject which deals with what science is and how reliable it can be. I would encourage rationalists (and atheists), the self proclaimed champions of science, to spend time understanding where science can be applied or cannot be applied, before they "bet the ranch" on reason and science.
-x-

PS: The above post does not cover a person applying the scientific method on self, and systematically trying to understand personal experience which are of a spiritual/religious nature. I believe this should be possible (because the data gathering equipment remains same, the body and mind of self), but what may not be as effective is trying to get the resulting theories, which came out of personal experience, verified by the wider scientific community. So there is always the risk of misunderstanding a personal experience, due to lack of peer-verification.

-x-

This may well be a path on which you have to walk alone,
For if you seek the comfort of company,
Know that you might be on a different path,
You alone need to convince your mind,
Of the truth that you can perceive,
But if you do find a like mind, do not forget gratitude.

-x-